What are the economic and health stakes of neonicotinoids? We investigated in Slovenia, which banned them entirely back in 2011, forcing farmers to adapt. Elsewhere in Europe, these bee-killing insecticides have driven a wedge between environmentalists and farmers. Considered a ticking time bomb by some and a necessary evil by others, they continue to divide public opinion. In France, after being shown the door in 2018, acetamiprid, a neurotoxic neonicotinoid, was given the green light again with the Duplomb Law last July. Meanwhile, in Switzerland, the Parval report revealed that children were exposed to an average of 14 pesticides.